Operators Reference

Complete reference for operators available in TinySystems expressions.

Arithmetic Operators

Addition (+)

Adds numbers or concatenates strings.

Left	Right	Result
number	number	number
string	string	string
string	number	string

Examples:

{{5 + 3}}              // 8
{{'Hello ' + 'World'}} // "Hello World"
{{'Count: ' + $.num}}  // "Count: 42"

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Subtraction (-)

Subtracts numbers.

Left	Right	Result
number	number	number

Examples:

{{10 - 4}}          // 6
{{$.total - $.tax}} // difference

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Multiplication (*)

Multiplies numbers.

Left	Right	Result
number	number	number

Examples:

{{6 * 7}}                  // 42
{{$.price * $.quantity}}   // total
{{$.value * 0.1}}          // 10%

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Division (/)

Divides numbers.

Left	Right	Result
number	number	number

Examples:

{{15 / 3}}           // 5
{{$.total / $.count}} // average
{{$.cents / 100}}     // dollars

Note: Division by zero returns infinity or NaN.

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Modulo (%)

Returns remainder after division.

Left	Right	Result
number	number	number

Examples:

{{17 % 5}}       // 2
{{$.index % 2}}  // 0 or 1 (even/odd)
{{$.hour % 12}}  // 12-hour format

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Comparison Operators

Equal (==)

Tests equality.

Left	Right	Result
any	any	boolean

Examples:

{{$.status == 'active'}}  // true/false
{{$.count == 0}}          // true/false
{{$.a == $.b}}            // true/false

Type Coercion:

• Compares by value
• Different types may coerce

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Not Equal (!=)

Tests inequality.

Left	Right	Result
any	any	boolean

Examples:

{{$.status != 'deleted'}}  // true/false
{{$.count != 0}}           // true/false

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Greater Than (>)

Tests if left is greater than right.

Left	Right	Result
number	number	boolean
string	string	boolean

Examples:

{{$.count > 100}}      // true/false
{{$.age > 18}}         // true/false
{{'b' > 'a'}}          // true (lexical)

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Less Than (<)

Tests if left is less than right.

Left	Right	Result
number	number	boolean
string	string	boolean

Examples:

{{$.price < 50}}       // true/false
{{$.index < $.max}}    // true/false

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Greater Than or Equal (>=)

Tests if left is greater than or equal to right.

Left	Right	Result
number	number	boolean
string	string	boolean

Examples:

{{$.age >= 18}}        // adult check
{{$.score >= 70}}      // passing grade

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Less Than or Equal (<=)

Tests if left is less than or equal to right.

Left	Right	Result
number	number	boolean
string	string	boolean

Examples:

{{$.quantity <= $.max}}  // within limit
{{$.errors <= 0}}        // no errors

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Logical Operators

Logical AND (&&)

Returns true if both operands are truthy.

Left	Right	Result
any	any	boolean

Truth Table:

A	B	A && B
true	true	true
true	false	false
false	true	false
false	false	false

Short-Circuit: If left is false, right is not evaluated.

Examples:

{{$.active && $.verified}}
{{$.count > 0 && $.enabled}}
{{$.user != null && $.user.admin}}

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Logical OR (||)

Returns true if either operand is truthy.

Left	Right	Result
any	any	boolean or value

Truth Table:

A	B	A || B
true	true	true
true	false	true
false	true	true
false	false	false

Short-Circuit / Default Value: If left is truthy, returns left value.

Examples:

{{$.premium || $.trial}}
{{$.name || 'Anonymous'}}       // default
{{$.count || 0}}                // default

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Logical NOT (!)

Negates a boolean value.

Operand	Result
truthy	false
falsy	true

Examples:

{{!$.disabled}}      // is enabled
{{!$.error}}         // no error
{{!($.a > $.b)}}     // not greater

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Conditional (Ternary) Operator

Syntax

condition ? valueIfTrue : valueIfFalse

Behavior

1. Evaluates condition
2. If truthy, returns valueIfTrue
3. If falsy, returns valueIfFalse

Examples:

{{$.active ? 'Yes' : 'No'}}
{{$.count > 0 ? $.count : 0}}
{{$.type == 'admin' ? 'full' : 'limited'}}

Nested Ternary

{{$.score >= 90 ? 'A' : ($.score >= 80 ? 'B' : 'C')}}

Recommendation: Use sparingly; complex logic is hard to read.

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Operator Precedence

From highest (evaluated first) to lowest:

Precedence	Operators	Associativity
1	()	-
2	!	Right
3	*, /, %	Left
4	+, -	Left
5	>, <, >=, <=	Left
6	==, !=	Left
7	&&	Left
8	||	Left
9	? :	Right

Examples

// * before +
{{2 + 3 * 4}}          // 14, not 20

// && before ||
{{a || b && c}}        // a || (b && c)

// Comparison before logical
{{$.a > 1 && $.b < 2}} // ($.a > 1) && ($.b < 2)

// Use parentheses for clarity
{{($.a + $.b) * $.c}}
{{($.x || $.y) && $.z}}

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Type Coercion

To Boolean (Truthiness)

Value	Truthy/Falsy
true	truthy
false	falsy
0	falsy
non-zero number	truthy
"" (empty string)	falsy
non-empty string	truthy
null	falsy
object	truthy
array	truthy

To Number

Value	Result
"42"	42
"3.14"	3.14
true	1
false	0
"abc"	NaN

To String

Value	Result
42	"42"
true	"true"
null	"null"

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Quick Reference

Operator	Type	Example	Result
+	Arithmetic/String	{{1 + 2}}	3
-	Arithmetic	{{5 - 3}}	2
*	Arithmetic	{{4 * 2}}	8
/	Arithmetic	{{10 / 2}}	5
%	Arithmetic	{{7 % 3}}	1
==	Comparison	{{1 == 1}}	true
!=	Comparison	{{1 != 2}}	true
>	Comparison	{{2 > 1}}	true
<	Comparison	&#123;&#123;1 < 2&#125;&#125;	true
>=	Comparison	&#123;&#123;2 >= 2&#125;&#125;	true
<=	Comparison	&#123;&#123;2 <= 2&#125;&#125;	true
&&	Logical	&#123;&#123;true && true&#125;&#125;	true
||	Logical	&#123;&#123;false || true&#125;&#125;	true
!	Logical	&#123;&#123;!false&#125;&#125;	true
? :	Conditional	&#123;&#123;true ? 'a' : 'b'&#125;&#125;	"a"